Pigmentation refers to the natural coloring of your skin, determined by a pigment called melanin. While melanin is essential for protecting your skin from harmful UV rays, an overproduction or uneven distribution of melanin can lead to various skin concerns, such as dark spots, patches, or an uneven skin tone.

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Common Types of Pigmentation:

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Hyperpigmentation Darkened areas of the skin caused by excess melanin production. This includes:

• Sunspots (caused by UV exposure)

• Melasma (often triggered by hormonal changes)

• Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (resulting from acne, injuries, or skin inflammation)

 

Hypopigmentation Lightened areas of the skin due to a lack of melanin, often seen in conditions like vitiligo or after skin trauma.

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Age Spots Also known as liver spots, these are small, darkened areas that appear with aging and sun exposure.